Total absence of leg spines; tarsi (especially those of leg IV) distinctively thick and cylindrical.
Flat and Spineless Ground Spiders
Trachycosmidae
(after Azevedo et al. 2022): The family Trachycosmidae can be diagnosed by the anterior lateral spinnerets separated by the length of their diameter or more; the presence of two major ampullate gland spigots in males and females; anterior lateral spinnerets with complete distal article and without inflatable area; epigynal field formed by an undivided plate, usually with an atrium where the copulatory openings are located; lens of the anterior lateral eyes are convex, raised from surrounding cuticle (compared to Trochanteriidae, in which lens is flat).
Azevedo et al. (2022) proposed the Trachycosmidae to include genera previously placed in the Trochanteriidae and Gallieniellidae (Boolathana, Desognanops, Desognaphosa, Fissarena, Hemicloeina, Longrita, Meedo, Morebilus, Neato, Olin, Oreo, Peeto, Platorish, Pyrnus, Questo, Rebilus, Tinytrema, Trachycosmus, Trachyspina, and TrachytremaI), but qualify this by the following statement: A group of Australian genera formerly placed in Gallieniellidae (Meedo, Neato, Oreo, Peeto, and Questo) may deserve family status, since they seem morphologically distinct from other trachycosmids.
Publications
Azevedo GHF, Bougie T, Carboni M, Hedin M, RamÃrez MJ (2022): Combining genomic, phenotypic and Sanger sequencing data to elucidate the phylogeny of the two-clawed spiders (Dionycha). Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution. 166: 107327
Harry Butler Institure
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N18223-1
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♀
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19 March 2020
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Western Australia
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Barrow Island
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COI
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CATAAAGATATTGGAACTTTATATTTGATATTTGGAGCTTGATCGGCTATAGTTGGAACAGCTATAAGAATTTTAATTCGTATAGAATTAGGGTGATCTGGTAGATTGTTAGGTGATGATCATTTATATAATGTAATTGTTACTGCACATGCTTTTGTAATAATTTTTTTTATAGTAATACCAATTTTGATTGGAGGTTTTGGAAATTGATTAGTTCCATTAATATTAGGGGCTCCTGATATAGCTTTTCCACGAATAAATAATTTGAGTTTTTGATTATTACCTCCATCATTATTTTTATTATTTATTTCTTCGATAGCTGAGATGGGAGTTGGAGCTGGATGAACTGTTTATCCTCCTTTGGCTTCGGACGTTGGACATCCAGGAAGTGCGATGGATTTTGCTATTTTTTCTTTACATTTAGCTGGTGCGTCTTCAATTATAGGTGCTATTAATTTTATCACCACTGTAATTAATATACGATCGATTAGAAT-AACAATGGAGCGGGTTTCATTATTTGTATGGTCAGTATTGATTACTGCTGTTTTATTATTATTGTCTTTACCTGTGTTAGCAGGTGCTATTACTATATTATTAACTGATCGAAATTTTAATACGTCTTTTTTTGATCCTGCTGGAGGAGGGGATCCTATTTTATTTCAACATTTATTTTGATTTTTTGGTCAC
Harry Butler Institute
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N32133-1
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unknown
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11 June 2023
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Western Australia
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Barrow Island
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day hand collection
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COI
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CATAAAGATATTGGGACTTTATATTTAATATTTGGTGTTTGATCAGCTATAGTAGGAACAGCTATGAGAATTCTTATTCGTATAGAATTAGGATGGTCTGGAAGATTGTTAGGTGATGATCATTTATATAATGTTATTGTTACAGCGCATGCTTTTGTTATGATTTTTTTTATAGTAATACCAATTTTAATTGGTGGTTTTGGTAATTGATTAATTCCGTTGATGTTAGGGGCTCCTGATATGGCTTTTCCACGAATAAATAATTTAAGTTTTTGATTATTACCACCTTCTTTGTTTTTATTGTTTATTTCGTCTATAGCTGAAATAGGTGTAGGGGCAGGTTGAACTGTTTATCCTCCTTTAGCATCGGGAGTTGGCCATCCTGGAAGTGCTATAGATTTTGCTATTTTTTCTTTACATTTAGCCGGAGCATCATCTATTATAGGTGCTATTAATTTTATTACTACTGTAATTAATATACGATCTTTTAGAAT-AAGAATAGAACGAGTTTCATTGTTTGTGTGATCTGTATTAATCACAGCAGTATTATTATTATTATCGTTACCAGTATTAGCTGGTGCTATTACTATATTGTTAACTGATCGTAATTTTAATACATCTTTTTTTGATCCTGCTGGTGGGGGTGATCCTATTTTATTTCAACATTTATTTTGATTTTTTGGTCAC